Self-Control Qur’ani dan Prinsip Preventif Sadd al-Żarī‘ah

Analisis Tafsir QS. Asy-Syams (91): 7–10

Abstract

This study examines the concept of self-control from a Qur’anic perspective through a thematic interpretation of QS. Asy-Syams (91): 7–10 by integrating the preventive principle of sadd al-żarī‘ah as a normative framework in Islamic law. This research employs a qualitative library research method with a descriptive-analytical approach. The primary data are derived from QS. Asy-Syams (91): 7–10 and several representative tafsir works, including classical interpretations by al-Thabari, Ibn Kathir, and al-Razi, as well as contemporary interpretations by Sayyid Qutb, M. Quraish Shihab, and Hamka. The findings show that classical and contemporary exegetes commonly recognize the duality of fujūr and taqwā as inherent human potential, although they differ in emphasis and interpretive orientation. Contemporary interpretations provide a more open foundation for reading the verses as a basis for preventive self-control through sadd al-żarī‘ah. The integration of these perspectives produces a Qur’anic model of self-control that is theogenetic, preventive-proactive, holistic, and oriented toward maqashid al-shariah. This model goes beyond curative and moral dimensions by offering a proactive system of prevention that is relevant to the challenges of modern life.