Peran Kelembagaan Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan) dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Usaha Tani dan Kesejahteraan Petani Padi di Desa Perapakan

Erik Darmansyah; Nia Ekaliana

doi:10.59996/sosiosaintika.v4i1.1223

Authors

Erik Darmansyah Universitas Sultan Muhammad Syafiuddin Sambas
Nia Ekaliana Universitas Sultan Muhammad Syafiuddin Sambas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59996/sosiosaintika.v4i1.1223

Keywords:

Farmer Group Association, Farmer Institution, Rice Productivity, Farmer Welfare

Abstract

Rice farming productivity is shaped not only by land availability and cultivation technology but also by local institutional capacity to coordinate access to farm inputs, farmer learning, and collective action. This article examines the institutional role of Mitra Usaha Farmer Group Association (Gapoktan) in improving farm productivity and the welfare of rice farmers in Perapakan Village, Pemangkat District. The study employed a qualitative case-study design. Data were collected through observation, interviews with Gapoktan managers and farmer-group members, and documentation of village and institutional profiles. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, supported by triangulation and member checking. The findings show that Gapoktan functions as a facilitator of production inputs, a bridge for government programs, a platform for technical learning, and a coordinator of farmer cooperation. These roles support productivity through improved planting practices, fertilization, pest control, access to quality seed, and reduced production-cost constraints. Farmer welfare improves indirectly through cost efficiency, better cultivation knowledge, strengthened social relations, and the possibility of better harvest outcomes. However, the institutional impact remains constrained by dependence on input assistance, weather risks, and limited marketing and financial functions. The findings suggest that strengthening Gapoktan should move beyond aid distribution toward a village agribusiness institution capable of supporting production, financing, marketing, and farm resilience.

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