Hadis-Hadis tentang Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia

Muhammad Yasin; Abustani Ilyas; Tasbih

doi:10.59996/al-fiqh.v4i1.946

Authors

Muhammad Yasin Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
Abustani Ilyas Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
Tasbih Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59996/al-fiqh.v4i1.946

Keywords:

Hadith, Human Rights, Human Rights Protection, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, Social Justice

Abstract

Human rights are fundamental rights inherent to every individual that must be respected without discrimination. This study aims to explore the concept of human rights protection within the Hadith of Prophet Muhammad SAW and its relevance to contemporary society. Employing a qualitative approach through library research, primary data were sourced from the Sahih Muslim and other pertinent hadith literatures, which were then analyzed using descriptive-analytical content analysis. The results indicate that the Hadith comprehensively regulates the protection of the right to life, legal justice, security, and honor, as well as social and economic rights for vulnerable groups. These principles align with modern human rights concepts regarding justice and equality; however, they differ in their epistemological foundations, where Islam places revelation as the primary source and emphasizes a balance between rights, obligations, and moral responsibility. The implementation of these Hadith-based values remains highly relevant as an ethical framework for public policy and law enforcement to address modern global challenges, such as social inequality and the abuse of power.

References

Abdussamad, Z. (2022). Buku Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. OSF Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/juwxn

Adam, M. N. A. S., Hamin, D. I., & Hasim, H. (2024). PERBANDINGAN SISTEM EKONOMI SOSIALISME, KAPITALISME, DAN EKONOMI SYARIAH: SEBUAH ANALISIS KRITIS TERHADAP PRINSIP, IMPLEMENTASI, DAN DAMPAK SOSIAL. JAMBURA: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 7(2), 1011–1024. https://doi.org/10.37479/jimb.v7i2.27698

ADV. Dr.Maysarah, Faiza, H. M., Arbi, M., Zega, M. S., Rahmah, A., Muhdiya, I., Az-Zahra, N., Yudhayana, A. W., Hasanah, U., Syahri, A., Sitepu, A. N., Artha, S. Y., Nasution, A. R., Tmaara, A. L., Kusuma, S. W., Damanik, M. I. L., Akbar, H., Rambe, A. R. S., Tamimi, A., … Lubis, A. S. M. (2025). ETIKA DAN PROFESI HUKUM. Goresan Pena.

Al-Ghazali. (n.d.). Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn – ghazali.org. Retrieved April 22, 2026, from https://www.ghazali.org/rrs-ovr/

Al-Ghazali, A. H. (1997). Al-Ihya’ Ulum al-Din. Dar al-Fikr.

al-hidayah. (2025). Hadits ke 35 – الحديث الخامس والثلاثون – Al-Hidayah.id. https://al-hidayah.id/hadits_arbain/hadits-ke-35/

An-Nawawi, Y. (2000). Al-Majmu’ Syarh al-Muhadzdzab. Dar al-Fikr.

Departemen Agama RI. (n.d.). QS. Al-Baqarah: 256.

Departemen Agama RI. (2025). Al-Quran Surah Al-Isra’ Ayat 70: Arab, Latin, Terjemah dan Tafsir Bahasa Indonesia Lengkap dengan Petunjuk Tajwid | erakini.id. Al-Quran Online erakini. https://quran.erakini.id/quran-tajwid/al-isra/ayat-70

Farizi, M. L. A., & Arifin, T. (2025). Hak Rasa Aman dalam Perspektif UU No. 39 Tahun 1999 dan Hadis Qudsi Imam Muslim No. 4674. Journal of Literature Review, 1(1), 161–171. https://doi.org/10.63822/ez8pr202

Hamzah, M., & Salsabila, M. (2024). Pemberdayaan Perempuan sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal Locus Penelitian Dan Pengabdian, 3(4), 343–356. https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v3i4.2567

HR. Bukhari. (n.d.-a). Kitab Al-Hudud, Hadis No. 6788.

HR. Bukhari. (n.d.-b). Kitab Al-Qisas Hadis No. 6870.

HR. Muslim. (n.d.). Kitab Al-Birr wa al-Silah, Hadis No. 2570.

Ilyas, H., Haddade, H., & M, S. (2025). Wawasan Al-Qur’An tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Al-Ubudiyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Studi Islam, 6(2), 151–159. https://doi.org/10.55623/au.v6i2.552

Ilyas, M., & Rahmah, N. (2025). Konsep Kepemimpinan dalam Perspektif Siyasah: Urgensi, Ketaatan dan Kriteria Pemimpin. Equality: Law and Social, 1(1), 1–11.

Jalili, A., Umar, H., & Harun, H. (2022). Zakat dan Keadilan Ekonomi Perspektif Islam, Kapitalisme, dan Sosialisme. Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Hukum Islam, 6(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.35316/istidlal.v6i1.388

Jaya, I. M. L. M. (2020). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif: Teori, Penerapan, dan Riset Nyata. Anak Hebat Indonesia.

Kuraesin, S., Arifin, T., & Fauzia, I. (2025). Analisis Hukum Islam terhadap Perlindungan Hak atas Privasi dalam Pasal 12 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. IN RIGHT: Jurnal Agama Dan Hak Azazi Manusia, 14(1), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.14421/inright.v14i1.3946

Leleang, A. T., Ashufah, A. H., Nur, D. U. H., Yasin, M., Febriawan, Y., Hanafiah, T., Jamaluddin, J., & Safriani, L. (2026). Kekuasaan, Tradisi, Dan Keadilan: Memahami Hadis Secara Multidimensi. CV. Gita Lentera.

Mardhatillah, M. (2025). HUKUMAN MATI DALAM ISLAM ANTARA TEKS SUCI DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA. NIHAYAH: Journal of Islamic Studies, 1(2), 101–122. https://doi.org/10.65802/nihayah.v1i2.11

Mustikasari, F. (2024). Analisis Peran Konstitusi Dalam Menjamin Hak Asasi Manusia Dan Keadilan Sosial: Studi Kasus Negara Indonesia Dalam Konteks Dinamika Politik Kontemporer. Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI), 2(3). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12730332

Permana, Y., & Nisa, F. L. (2024). KONSEP KEADILAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Darussalam, 5(2), 80–94. https://doi.org/10.30739/jesdar.v5i2.3072

Puspita, I. S., Amelia, A. P., & Junaidi, A. (2025). PRINSIP KEADILAN DAN KESEIMBANGAN DALAM HUBUNGAN INDSUTRIAL: TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM. Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA), 3(7). https://doi.org/10.62281/v3i7.2549

Rahman, F. (2006). Major Themes of the Qur’an. Oneworld Publications.

Rikantasari, S., & Kholishudin, K. (2025). NILAI FILOSOFIS TANGGUNG JAWAB ; ETIKA DAN MORAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM. JOURNAL OF SHARIA ECONOMICS, 7(1), 34–52. https://doi.org/10.35896/jse.v7i1.1021

Saeed, A. (2006). Islamic Perspectives on Human Rights. Oneworld Publications.

Said, M. M. (2023). Isu-isu Kontemporer Pendidikan Agama Islam. UNISMA PRESS.

Shahih Muslim. (2024). Iman (الإيمان) -41—Hadits Tazkia. https://hadits.tazkia.ac.id/hadits/2:41

Shahih Muslim (صحيح مسلم) Hadis No. 2578. (n.d.). Retrieved April 22, 2026, from https://muhamadbasuki.web.id/kitab/hadis/shahih-muslim/no/2578

Sibawaihi, Basri, H., & Irsyad, M. (2024). Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an. As-Salam: Journal Islamic Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(3), 19–30.

Zuhayli, S. M. (2002). Al-Islam wa Huquq al-Insan. Dar al-Fikr.