Enhancing National Security: Strategic Policy Development in Defense Management

Aris Sarjito

doi:10.59996/jurnalpelitanusantara.v2i1.524

Authors

Aris Sarjito Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59996/jurnalpelitanusantara.v2i1.524

Keywords:

defense management, geopolitical shifts, national security, non-traditional security threats, technological advances

Abstract

This research explores the complexities of enhancing national security through strategic policy development in defense management, focusing on the influences of technological advancements, geopolitical shifts, and strategies for addressing non-traditional security threats. The background underscores the evolving landscape of global security challenges, necessitating innovative approaches beyond conventional military strategies. This study examines how technological advances such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and cybersecurity measures shape defense management strategies. It also aims to understand the impact of geopolitical shifts on national defense policies, emphasizing the need for adaptable and forward-thinking strategies. Additionally, the research investigates effective measures for addressing non-traditional security threats, including economic, environmental, and health security considerations. Qualitative research methods using secondary data include literature review and case study analysis. Findings reveal that technological innovations enhance threat detection, decision-making processes, and defense capabilities. Geopolitical shifts necessitate continuously reassessing defense priorities, influencing strategy formulation and international alliances. Effective strategies for non-traditional threats emphasize integrated approaches across economic, environmental, and health domains. In conclusion, a comprehensive and adaptive defense policy framework is essential for mitigating multifaceted security challenges and ensuring national resilience.

References

AlDaajeh, S., Saleous, H., Alrabaee, S., Barka, E., Breitinger, F., & Choo, K.-K. R. (2022). The role of national cybersecurity strategies on the improvement of cybersecurity education. Computers & Security, 119, 102754.

Amineh, M. P., & Yang, G. (2018). China’s geopolitical economy of energy security: A theoretical and conceptual exploration. African and Asian Studies, 17(1–2), 9–39.

Art, R. J. (1998). Geopolitics updated: The strategy of selective engagement. International Security, 23(3), 79–113.

Baker, J. (2022). Wargaming and Simulations in Strategic Defense Planning. Journal of Defense Studies, 45(2), 123–145.

Briggs, C. M., & Matejova, M. (2019). Disaster Security: Using Intelligence and Military Planning for Energy and Environmental Risks. Cambridge University Press.

Brooks, S. G., & Wohlforth, W. C. (2015). The rise and fall of the great powers in the twenty-first century: China’s rise and the fate of America’s global position. International Security, 40(3), 7–53.

Carlin, E. P., Moore, M. S., Shambaugh, E., & Karesh, W. B. (2021). Opportunities for Enhanced Defense, Military, and Security Sector Engagement in Global Health Security.

Carr, M. (2016). Public–private partnerships in national cyber-security strategies. International Affairs, 92(1), 43–62.

Chen, Y., & Kumar, S. (2022). Geopolitical shifts and their implications for national defense policies. Global Security Review, 29(3), 102–118.

Clark, A. (2024). Comprehensive Security Frameworks for Modern Threats. Global Security Review, 37(1), 87–109.

Constantinescu, M. (2023). Measuring economic resilience for the CEE and Black Sea countries in the framework of comprehensive defence. Security & Defence Quarterly, 44(4).

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications.

Davies, R. (2023). Proactive Defense Strategies: Foresight and Scenario Planning. Strategic Defense Journal, 50(3), 198–223.

Davis, L., & Roberts, M. (2023). The role of emerging technologies in defense strategy formulation. *Journal of Strategic Defense Studies. Journal of Strategic Defense Studies, 50(1), 67–85.

Eichler, J. (2021). NATO’s Expansion After the Cold War. Springer.

Fierke, K. M. (2015). Critical approaches to international security. John Wiley & Sons.

Floyd, R., & Matthew, R. A. (2013). Environmental security. Routledge London.

Hale, T., Held, D., & Young, K. (2013). Gridlock: Why global cooperation is failing when we need it most. Polity.

Jimmy, F. (2021). Emerging Threats: The Latest Cybersecurity Risks and the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Cybersecurity Defenses. Valley International Journal Digital Library, 564–574.

Jones, P. , & S. L. (2023). Cybersecurity in National Defense: Emerging Trends. Cyber Defense Quarterly, 12(4), 56–78.

Lele, A. (2022). AI and Predictive Analytics in Defense. Tech in Defense Review, 29(3), 67–89.

Li, J. (2018). Cyber security meets artificial intelligence: a survey. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 19(12), 1462–1474.

Lucarelli, S., Marrone, A., & Moro, F. N. (2021). NATO decision-making in the age of big data and artificial intelligence. Brussels: NATO.

Manoharan, A., & Sarker, M. (2023). Revolutionizing Cybersecurity: Unleashing the Power of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Next-Generation Threat Detection. DOI: Https://Www. Doi. Org/10.56726/IRJMETS32644, 1.

Masakowski, Y. R. (2020). Artificial intelligence and the future global security environment. In Artificial Intelligence and Global Security: Future Trends, Threats and Considerations (pp. 1–34). Emerald Publishing Limited.

Masyhar, A., & Emovwodo, S. O. (2023). Techno-Prevention in Counterterrorism: Between Countering Crime and Human Rights Protection. Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System, 3(3), 625–655.

Masys, A. J. (2022). Non-traditional Security: A Risk-Centric View. In Handbook of Security Science (pp. 459–474). Springer.

Miller, J. (2023). Climate Change and National Security: Policy Implications. Environmental Security Journal, 18(2), 112–134.

Muhammad, A. (2023). The Geopolitical Implications of Shifting Alliances in a Multipolar World. Ulusal ve Uluslararası Sosyoloji ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 5(2), 410–430.

Munir, A., Aved, A., & Blasch, E. (2022). Situational awareness: techniques, challenges, and prospects. AI, 3(1), 55–77.

Muzalevsky, R. (2017). Strategic Landscape, 2050: Preparing the US Military for New Era Dynamics.

Nassar, A., & Kamal, M. (2021). Machine Learning and Big Data analytics for Cybersecurity Threat Detection: A Holistic review of techniques and case studies. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Management, 5(1), 51–63.

Okoli, U. I., Obi, O. C., Adewusi, A. O., & Abrahams, T. O. (2024). Machine learning in cybersecurity: A review of threat detection and defense mechanisms.

Rangaraju, S. (2023). Ai sentry: Reinventing cybersecurity through intelligent threat detection. EPH-International Journal of Science And Engineering, 9(3), 30–35.

Reveron, D. S. (2016). Exporting security: International engagement, security cooperation, and the changing face of the US military. Georgetown University Press.

Richey, M. (2019). US-led alliances and contemporary international security disorder: comparative responses of the Transatlantic and Asia-Pacific alliance systems. Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs, 6(3), 275–298.

Riggs, H., Tufail, S., Parvez, I., Tariq, M., Khan, M. A., Amir, A., Vuda, K. V., & Sarwat, A. I. (2023). Impact, vulnerabilities, and mitigation strategies for cyber-secure critical infrastructure. Sensors, 23(8), 4060.

Samaras, C., Nuttall, W. J., & Bazilian, M. (2019). Energy and the military: Convergence of security, economic, and environmental decision-making. Energy Strategy Reviews, 26, 100409.

Sarjito, I. A., Duarte, E. P., & Sos, S. (2023). Geopolitik dan Geostrategi Pertahanan: Tantangan Keamanan Global. Indonesia Emas Group.

Sciences, N. A. of, Affairs, G., Security, C. on I., Control, A., Biosecurity, C. on E. G. H. S. through I., & Programs, H. E. (2020). A strategic vision for biological threat reduction: The US Department of Defense and Beyond.

Shah, V. (2021). Machine Learning Algorithms for Cybersecurity: Detecting and Preventing Threats. Revista Espanola de Documentacion Cientifica, 15(4), 42–66.

Srikanth, D. (2014). Non-traditional security threats in the 21st century: A review. International Journal of Development and Conflict, 4(1), 60–68.

Svenmarck, P., Luotsinen, L., Nilsson, M., & Schubert, J. (2018). Possibilities and challenges for artificial intelligence in military applications. Proceedings of the NATO Big Data and Artificial Intelligence for Military Decision Making Specialists’ Meeting, 1–16.

Thompson, K. (2024). Health Security as a National Security Priority. Journal of Health and Security, 15(1), 34–56.

Thompson, P., & Garcia, L. (2021). Addressing non-traditional security threats: Strategies for resilience and collaboration. International Journal of Security Policy, 45(2), 261–249.

Timmis, K., & Brüssow, H. (2020). The COVID‐19 pandemic: some lessons learned about crisis preparedness and management, and the need for international benchmarking to reduce deficits. Environmental Microbiology, 22(6), 1986.

Williams, T. (2023). Geopolitical Shifts and Defense Strategies. International Security Studies, 44(1), 101–129.

Yoshimatsu, H. (2017). Japan’s export of infrastructure systems: pursuing twin goals through developmental means. The Pacific Review, 30(4), 494–512.

Zandee, D., Deen, B., Kruijver, K., & Stoetman, A. (2020). European strategic autonomy in security and defence. The Hague: Clingendael.